Showing posts with label Period. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Period. Show all posts

Monday, January 21, 2013

Early Medieval Art - Migration Period - Golden Era in the History of Art

The word 'Medieval' brings to mind the popular tale of King Arthur & his knights, around the famous Round Table. However, this is just a minor fraction of the otherwise expansive era of Medieval Art, beholding some of the finest art works. The Early Medieval Art Period stretched for over 1000 years, spanning geographically over Europe, Middle East, and North America. The prolific Medieval Period witnessed the dawn of several key art phases, Early Christian, Migration Period, Celtic, Byzantine, Islamic, Pre-Romanesque, Romanesque, and Gothic, with each period further diversifying into several other time zones. In short, Medieval Art is a blend of several art movements, such as Classical, Early Christian, and Pagan Arts.

One of the most prominent periods in the history of Early Medieval Art is the Migration Period. The art works produced during this era, drew inspirations from Germans and Eastern Europeans, who were on move from about third century to ninth century (300-900). The history of Migration Period dates back to the third century, when the Roman Empire fell to Germans. Actually, the number of Germans in the army increased and by the close of sixth century, small & less politically organized, but dynamic German Kingdoms, replaced the entire Western Roman Empire.

Though cosmopolitan, these German groups shared a common cultural background, 'Mobile Art,' emphasizing on the practical applicability and the functioning of weapons, tools, and jewelry. In effect, these works encompassed portable personal embellishments that could be buried in the grave, as an act of restoration to dead spirits, safeguarding the ones alive. The major styles that dominated the Early Medieval Art in the Migration Period include 'Polychrome Style,' 'Animal Style,' and 'Hiberno-Saxon style.'

Early Medieval Art - Migration Period - Golden Era in the History of Art

The 'Polychrome Style,' originated from the Goths, in Black Sea, comprised the works of art as gold figurines & objects, ornamented with precious stones. The most prominent example of this style is found in the fourth century "Pietrossa Treasure" (fourth century) in Romania, featuring a great gold eagle brooch. Some other examples include a "Polychrome Sword" (fifth century), in the Tomb of Frankish King Childeric I, "Visigothic Polychrome Votive Crown" (c. 670) of the then King of Toledo, Recceswinth, and "Alemannic Belt Mountings" (seventh century), at Weingarten.

Originally, from Scandinavia, North Germany, and Anglo-Saxon England, 'Animal Style' of the Migration Period, was practiced in the fifth century. The artworks of this philosophy comprised of the zoomorphic decorations with the application of 'chip carving' on copper and silver. In fact, chip carving was introduced with this style. The artworks here depicted animals as twined, surreal, exaggerated, and/or fragmented body parts. These images filled nearly every space available on the art medium, thereby energizing the feel of work. "Norwegian Vendel Sword Hilt," Norway, and "Fibula" (400-50 AD), Osland Island, and "Gold Purse Lid" (625), Sutton Hoo, England, are some good examples of the 'Animal Style.' By the end of the seventh century, the style carried significant religious Christian influence, transitioning the artistic essence form Germanic to Mediterranean.

Another Early Medieval Art style belonging to the Migration Period, was 'Hiberno-Saxon Art' or the 'Insular Art,' reflected the fusion of 'Animal Style' (German) and 'Celtic Art' (Irish), especially on "Illuminated Manuscripts." The style started at the end of the seventh century and continued up to ninth century. Some important Hiberno-Saxon craft works include "Texts with Artworks" and "Carpet Pages," referring to the ornamented pages without text. The "Book of Durrow" (late seventh century) and "Lindisfarne Gospels" (late seventh century or early eighth century), Northumbria, are the work examples here.

The "Tara Brooch" and "Ardah Chalice" are the magnificence of the Migration Period metalworking, which started in the seventh century. This Early Medieval Period technique blended the art of metalworking, ornamentation, filigree, and chip carving & rock crystal, to produce an artwork.

"High Cross," built mainly in Ireland, Britain, and Scandinavia, relate the story ornate stone sculpturing of the Migration Period, such as "Muiredach's High Cross," in Ireland. The chapter of Migration Period in the book of Early Medieval Art is definitely one of the most prosperous periods of all.

Early Medieval Art - Migration Period - Golden Era in the History of Art
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Annette Labedzki received her BFA at the Emily Carr College of Art and Design in Vancouver, B.C. Canada. She has more than 25 years experience. She is the founder and developer of an online art gallery featuring original art from all over the world. It is a great site for art collectors to buy original art. Is is also a venue for artists to display and sell their art. Artists can join for free and their image upload is unlimited. Please visit the website at http://www.labedzki-art.com

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Wednesday, November 28, 2012

Pablo Picasso - The African Period

Picasso's Rose Period was followed by an even more radical departure in style. From 1907 to 1909 Picasso's art was influenced by his interest in so-called "primitive" arts, especially African Masks. This period, consequently, became known as the African Period. His paintings, typified by simplified, angular forms, were rendered in a muted palette of reds and browns.

Around this time, the French empire was expanding into Africa, and African artifacts were being brought back to Paris museums, exposing Picasso to a truly unique form of art. It explored emotional and psychological areas not seen in western art, which was regarded by the avant garde as subservient to the world of appearances. For them, the faculty of imagination, emotion and mystical experience was more important than that of mere sight. In African art, which possessed remarkable expressive power, they saw a response to those higher faculties.

Picasso's most remarkable achievement from this period, the painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, came at the beginning of 1907 and is arguably the most influential painting of the twentieth century. Following this work, Picasso began painting in a style influenced by the two figures on the right side of the painting, the figures themselves inspired by African masks, with their striped patterns and oval forms.

Pablo Picasso - The African Period

In 1907 the painting was considered extremely daring. The influence of African art led to distortions and visual incongruities. For example, at the bottom right of the picture, the figure's head is turned in a way which is anatomically impossible. Surprisingly, even Picasso's fellow painters, stalwarts of the avant garde, reacted negatively to Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. Henri Matisse is alleged to have told Picasso that he was trying to ridicule the modern movement.

Pablo Picasso - The African Period
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I have a passion for studying the history of western art, and its numerous influences. My own drawings and paintings have been profoundly influenced over the years by the artists that came before me, as well as a number of talented artists still living today. Visit me at [http://www.oilandpigment.blogspot.com]

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